World Pathology Week

Biography

Jumanazarov Nazarbek Associate Professor, 2009, Author of more than 140 scientific publications, of which more than 40 in the near and far foreign publications, of which 2 are scientific works with impact factors. The participant of international scientific conferences and congresses in the cities: Moscow, Bishkek, Dushanbe, Samarkand, Barnaul, Sochi, Izmir (Turkey).

Abstract

Material and methods: The study carried out morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of 55 observations (26 boys and 29 girls under the age of one year), which were diagnosed with IUI based on an immuno-morphological study. After studying the histories of diseases and autopsy results, a systematic morphological study of the pancreas was performed. The material is fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution. For histological examination, pieces were cut from the body, the tail of the pancreas.

In parallel, we conducted an immuno-histochemical study of the pancreas on the severity of the functional activity of such major cells as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and serotonin.

Results and discussion: As shown by the results of an immuno-morphological study, according to the autopsy of fetuses and newborns, an increase in the number of deaths from intrauterine infection of the fetus and newborns (IUI) shows 6.4 and 6.8 times, respectively. This may be due both to an absolute increase in the number of cases, and to an improved diagnosis of infectious diseases in connection with the introduction of various laboratory research methods. Of these, boys - 47.2%; girls –52.8%;

In premature infants, morphological immaturity of internal organs and fetal hypoxia caused by various factors (maternal anemia, diseases of the placenta, et.al.) play a large role in the onset of an unfavorable outcome.

The morphological picture of these cases coincides with the results of similar studies of domestic and foreign scientists. In some cases, marked organ plethora, flabbiness or sclerotic consolidation of the gland, as well as lymphohistiocytic infiltration, atrophy and dysplasia of endocrine parenchymal cells. In the lumen of the majority of the ducts there is an accumulation of a pinkish, amorphous type of secretion. Inside the islet apparatus, numerous cellular elements are located non-compact, with voids being defined between the elements. The diameter of the cell element is of various sizes, distinct, rounded nuclei. In individual cells, small-point granularity is detected. For children in the first days of life up to one year, there is a characteristic abundance of coarse fibrous connective tissue, the division into segments is indistinct. In the stroma, the number of elastic fibers decreases and the mass of collagen fibers increases.

According to literary data, the connective tissue system has several critical periods of functioning and development, among which are the prenatal period and the first 2 years of a child’s life.

In our studies, the virus influenced the pancreas in such a way that serotonin was observed in small numbers in the islets of Langerhans while reducing the number of B-cells. In isolated cases of viral intoxication, positive immunohistochemical reactions to serotonin were observed in the exocrine pancreas, but the majority of observations had a negative reaction.

 Thus, we can conclude that when IUI in the pancreas can be noted such changes:

- the degree of severity of morphological changes in the structures of the pancreas depends on the duration of exposure to viral infections;

- plethora, hemorrhages and inflammatory cellular infiltrates are more common in acute viral infections;

- pronounced disintegration of acinous tissue, pronounced fibrosis and moderate lipomatosis are observed when viral infections manifest on the body during the height of the disease more than 5-7 days.